Taş Tepeler

Çakmaktepe · Structure

The circular special / communal building

A large single-room circular building at Çakmaktepe whose floor was cut down into the bedrock, then carefully backfilled with placed stones when it went out of use.

The Taş Tepeler landscape of Şanlıurfa, where Çakmaktepe lies. (Landscape; not a photograph of this find.)
The Taş Tepeler landscape of Şanlıurfa, where Çakmaktepe lies. (Landscape; not a photograph of this find.) Wikimedia Commons

01

Quick facts

Type
a circular, single-room special / communal building
Diameter
roughly 16 m (as reported)
Floor
made by carving down into the bedrock, worked in relation to the hilltop slope
Interior
postholes; a bench-related feature; a quadrangular feature ~1.5 × 1.5 m beside the bench wall
Partition
no partition wall reported except that southern quadrangular feature
Uprights
fragments of well-worked pillars found nearby — plainer than Göbekli Tepe's carved T-pillars
Closure
intentionally backfilled — rows of carefully placed stones, not natural collapse
Dating
Pre-Pottery Neolithic A on typology; radiocarbon pending
Status
preliminary field / season reporting

02

A building carved into the rock

Alongside its rock-cut houses, Çakmaktepe has produced larger special-purpose buildings, and the best-documented is a circular structure roughly 16 metres in diameter — a single, open room whose floor was made not by building up but by carving down into the bedrock, worked in relation to the slope of the hilltop.

Inside, official reporting records postholes cut into the floor, a bench-related feature, and a quadrangular feature about 1.5 by 1.5 m set beside the bench wall. Fragments of well-worked pillars were found nearby — simpler than Göbekli Tepe's carved T-pillars, and consistent with Şahin's suggestion that Çakmaktepe's uprights may be plainer prototypes, with any decoration carried on wooden beams that have not survived. That prototype reading is interpretation, not settled fact.

03

Deliberately buried

Like the enclosures at Göbekli Tepe, the building appears to have been intentionally backfilled when its use ended: reporting describes rows of carefully placed fill stones rather than a natural collapse. Deliberate burial of communal buildings is a recurring pattern across the Taş Tepeler world.

A note of caution on labels: press coverage does not always pin down which structure is meant — the ~16 m circular building, the building numbered 15, and 'the communal structure filled with gazelle skulls' are described in overlapping terms, and the precise correspondence between them is not yet fixed in publication. Treat the building's identity as reported rather than formally catalogued.

04

What was it for?

Plainer prototype pillars?

Şahin has suggested that Çakmaktepe's uprights may be plain prototypes of the later carved T-pillars, with any decoration carried on wooden beams that have not survived. The pillar fragments here are consistent with that, but it is interpretation — no decorated stone upright has been reported from the building.

Deliberately buried

The rows of carefully placed fill stones read as intentional backfilling rather than collapse — the deliberate burial of communal buildings seen across the Taş Tepeler world. This is a reasonable reading of the fill, offered as interpretation pending full publication of the closure sequence.

05

Sources

Sources & further reading3 references
  1. Erdoğan, K. (reporting excavation director Fatma Şahin) (2025). New discoveries at Çakmaktepe reveal insights into Pre-Pottery Neolithic life. Türkiye Today, 10 May 2025. Field reporting; awaiting full publication. link
  2. Büyükyıldırım, O. (2026). Çakmaktepe: an Early Neolithic settlement reframing the origins of sedentary life in southeast Türkiye. Anatolian Archaeology, 11 March 2026. link
  3. Şahin, F. et al. (2023). Çakmaktepe Kazısı 2022 Yılı Kazı Çalışmaları. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı (Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism excavation reports).

Full bibliography: the Taş Tepeler reference library →

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Last reviewed 7 October 2026. Something wrong?